美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案双语_小班地震逃生教案

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美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案双语_小班地震逃生

教案

美联英语提供：美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案（双

语）

An earthquake is a sudden tremor or movement of the

earth's crust, which originates at or below the surface.

地震是地壳一次突然的震动或运动，起源于地球表面或以下。

There are two main causes of earthquakes.They can be

linked to explosive volcanic eruptions or can be

triggered by tectonic activity, with the latter being the

cause of most earthquakes.地震由两种主要原因引起。他们都

跟火山爆发有关或由建筑活动引起的。后者是大多数地震的原

因。

Earthquakes in the UK are all tectonic quakes,

triggered when the Earth’s crust is subjected to strain

and eventually moves.英国的地震都是由建筑物震动，是由地壳

绷紧时最终移动引起的。

At the start of a quake there is a sudden movement

within the Earth's crust and shock waves move out from

that point.震动开始时地壳内部有一些突然的移动，随后地震波

开始在那一点传开来。The focus of the earthquake or tremor

is often deep below the surface and difficult to map, so

what is normally called the epicentre is taken as the

point on the Earth directly above it.震中心通常在表面以下

深处，很难用地图表示，所以通常我们所称的正中心为地球最上

方。

There are two scales for defining the strength of an

earthquake, the Mercalli Scale and the Richter Scale.地震

强度用两个级别来定义，Mercalli 级别和 Richter 级别。

Earthquakes emit three types of waves which have

their own characteristics.地震发出两种波，它们有各自的特

征。

Primary waves are identical in character to sound

waves.The ground is forced to move forwards and backwards

as it is compreed and decompreed.主要波跟声波的特征相同，

当地面被加压或减压时强迫向前和向后移动。

Secondary waves travel more slowly and arrive after

the P-waves.They move in all directions, at speeds which

depend upon the density of the rocks through which they

are moving.They cannot move through liquids.They can move

walls and fences, leaving them 'S' shaped.次要波传播的更

慢，发生在 P 波之后。它们根据所穿过岩石的密度以不同的速度

向各个方向移动。他们不能穿过液体。但可以穿过墙和篱笆，留

下 S 形状的痕迹。

Surface waves are formed close to the epicentre and

can only travel through the outer part of the Earth’s

crust.They are responsible for the majority of the

buildings damaged by earthquakes.The ground is made to

move in a circular motion, causing it to rise and fall as

visible waves move acro the ground.表面波在正中心形成，它

只能穿过地壳外部，是大多数建筑物在地震中损坏的原因。地面

环形运动，引起上升或下降，成为可视波横穿地面。

地震发生时我们要做些什么

1.If you are indoors, duck or drop down to the floor.Take

cover under a sturdy desk, table or other furniture.Hold

on to it and be prepared to move with it.Hold the

position until the ground stops shaking and it is safe to

move.Stay clear of

windows, fireplaces, woodstoves, and heavy furniture

or appliances that may fall over.Stay inside to avoid

being injured by falling gla or building parts.If you are

in a crowded area, take cover where you are.Stay calm and

encourage others to do likewise.1.如果你在室内，低下身

子，或是匍匐在地板上。躲在坚实的书桌、餐桌或其它家具之

下，以此为遮盖物。抓紧这些家具，随时准备行进。维持这一姿

势直到地面停止震动，确认情况安全后才能移动身体。远离那些

可能会倒塌的窗户，壁炉，火炉，大型家具和家用电器。在室内

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标签： #英语 #地震

摘要：

美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案双语_小班地震逃生教案美联英语提供：美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案（双语）Anearthquakeisasuddentremorormovementoftheearth'scrust,whichoriginatesatorbelowthesurface.地震是地壳一次突然的震动或运动，起源于地球表面或以下。Therearetwomaincausesofearthquakes.Theycanbelinkedtoexplosivevolcaniceruptionsorcanbetriggeredbytectonicactivity,withthelatterbei...

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